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GPM Geological Process Modeling

Improve reservoir prediction in clastic and carbonate sediments

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GPM geological process modeling software is a simulator for forward modeling of stratigraphic and sedimentary processes that works with the Petrel E&P software platform. It provides a methodology to model siliciclastic and carbonate reservoirs based on the principle of mass and energy conservation.

GPM software enables users to create stratigraphic models showing the expected sediment geometries and to predict the lithology distributions as well as gain insights into the composition and deposition of the sedimentary sequences. Specifically, GPM software models the erosion, transport, and deposition of clastic and carbonate sediments—either independently or concurrently—in different geological settings (for example, channels, rivers, turbidity flows, and shoreline systems) along with related geological processes such as carbonate growth, meteoric diagenesis, and sediment compaction.

Tightly integrated with the Petrel platform, GPM software makes true cross-domain collaboration and workflow standardization in the same canvas a reality.

Users are provided with tools to explore different physically defensible scenarios of the depositional architecture and generate digital geological models by numerical simulation of the physical processes in combination with well-documented empirical rules. The resulting models represent a reasonably close approximation of reality if all boundary conditions are known.

GPM software is tightly integrated with other Schlumberger technologies to enable addressing challenges at different scales—from basin to reservoir—with applicability throughout the entire E&P lifecycle, from early exploration to improved oil recovery (IOR).

GPM software can be connected to PetroMod petroleum systems modeling software for basin-scale studies to support the subsequent analysis of the petroleum systems by understanding the charge migration and accumulation of potential hydrocarbons, which is critical for exploration success. It can also be used to condition traditional geostatistical methods to increase predictability by using the Petrel platform to provide information about realistic and plausible geological trends. Finally, GPM software results can also be used as input in gross depositional environment (GDE) maps, the Play and Prospect Assessment workflow for the Petrel platform, and GeoX exploration risk, resource, and value assessment software to refine the final reservoir understanding and explore economic scenarios toward reaching more confident decisions.

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Forward modeling of carbonate growth and alteration enables better understanding of the erosion and redistribution of the carbonate material.

Forward modeling of carbonate growth and alteration enhances understanding of the evolution of reefs and carbonate platforms.

In this forward model of carbonate facies in a deep offshore presalt context, each color represents a lithology: red and blue are in situ carbonates, green is reworked material, and black represents mud.

Forward modeling of carbonate growth helps to better understand the evolution of the reef and carbonate platform and observe the appearance of clay (black) in the system.

Forward model of carbonate growth and alteration brings better understanding of the carbonate in situ growth by leveraging flexible coloring tools (pink corresponds to no in situ growth, red corresponds to the maximum amount of in situ growth).

Forward model of prograding fluvio-deltaic foreland sequences. High resolution reservoir facies distribution was obtained and enabled to delineate/highlight potential stratigraphic traps.

Forward modeling of clastic sediment distribution in a prograding delta system tract. The turbidite deposits were accurately predicted and described with boundary conditions calibrated with the seismic and well data.

This forward model of prograding upper shoreface sands and offshore sediments is used to characterize reservoir continuity in a transgressional shoreface environment. (Modeled data courtesy of Geoscience Australia)

Forward modeling of the stacking pattern of Fluvio-deltaic sequences in low-stand deposits (shallow marine deltaic and fluvial reservoirs) is used to characterize trap development and reservoir continuity.

Forward modeling of a submarine turbiditic fan displays channel and levee complexes as well as depositional lobes. The evolution of the depositional system can be reconstructed through time, including lobe stacking, channel avulsion, and lateral compensation of deposits.

Forward modeling of a deepwater turbidite system is used to screen for the presence of high-quality reservoir sands. The presence, quality, and heterogeneity of stratigraphically complex deepwater sediments can be understood in the context of their depositional processes.

Seamless conversion of GPM software results into a 3D geocellular grid leverages GPM software’s tight integration with the Petrel platform.

Using GPM software results as input in PetroMod software enables obtaining the sand-shale distribution in high resolution and delineating potential traps to support detailed analysis of hydrocarbon migration and entrapment.